As previously reported, Apple released some emergency patches for three critical vulnerabilities considered Zero-Day and found to be exploited in the wild by threat actors.
Adding more details to these vulnerabilities, an exploit chain has been discovered by researchers, which can lead to installing spyware on the affected device.
Apple has released security advisories for these critical vulnerabilities, CVE-2023-41991, CVE-2023-41992, and CVE-2023-41993, and recommended all of its users install their security patches as soon as possible.
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Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) Exploit Delivery
The exploit chain was developed by Intellexa, which can be delivered through an MITM attack in which the threat actor stands between the website and the victim.
However, victims visiting an encrypted (SSL – https://) website were not affected when compared to victims visiting insecure websites (http://). When a user visits an insecure website, the threat actor can inject malicious code and redirect them to another site c.betly[.]me.
Furthermore, if the user is an expected victim, the website redirects the user to an exploit server sec-flare[.]com, which does not require any user interaction. This means that it is a 0-click exploit that won’t require opening any documents or links or answering phone calls.
iOS & Exploit Chain
Once the victim is redirected to the exploit server, the exploit chain begins executing a small binary to decide whether to install predator implants. While this is the case for iOS users, the exploit chain occurs in two methods for Android. One was the MITM injection, and the other was through one-time links sent to the victims directly.
However, for Android, the remote code execution vulnerability was performed by using the Google Chrome vulnerability CVE-2023-4762.
Google Threat Analysis Group has published a complete report in collaboration with the Citizen Lab, which provides detailed information about this exploit chain and other information.
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