From Risk Assessment to Action: Improving Your DLP Response
October 25, 2024
DLP is key in cybersecurity; a risk assessment identifies data risks, helping turn findings into real-world security improvements.
Data loss prevention (DLP) is a cornerstone of any effective cybersecurity strategy. Protecting sensitive data is what cybersecurity is all about. So, how can you conduct a DLP risk assessment? And how can you translate those findings into real-world improvements?
DLP risk assessments involve identifying, evaluating, and mitigating risks associated with data loss or unauthorized access. They typically include an evaluation of data handling practices, security policies, and DLP solutions to identify and remediate any vulnerabilities that could result in a data breach. By carrying out a DLP risk assessment, organizations can understand the types of data that need protection, the threats they face, and the necessary measures to safeguard them.
DLP risk assessments are important because, as with any security strategy, data loss prevention is a continuous process that requires constant refinement to be effective. Cybercriminals are adapting and improving their attack techniques at an unprecedented rate, largely due to the rapid evolution of technologies like AI and the rise of Cybercrime-as-a-Service (CaaS) business models, and cybersecurity teams must evaluate their defenses to keep pace.
These assessments help identify and protect sensitive information – including personally identifiable information (PII), intellectual property, and financial data – and sniff out vulnerabilities in existing defenses to ensure protection against cyberattacks and inadvertent data exposure. By doing so, DLP risk assessments ensure compliance with ever-more stringent data protection regulations like GDPR, HIPAA, and PCI DSS.
In short, these assessments are a crucial part of any effective cybersecurity strategy, ensuring comprehensive protection from a variety of cyber threats and compliance with data protection regulatory standards.
Conducting a comprehensive DLP risk assessment requires a considered, planned, and methodical approach. While risk assessments for each organization will differ slightly based on organizational needs and differences in IT infrastructures, IT teams, and data protection officers should build their process around the following eight steps:
Identify and Classify Data
The first and most important stage in a DLP assessment is the identification and classification of data. If you don’t know what data you manage, you can’t protect it. Classifying data based on its sensitivity and regulatory requirements will help you prioritize your protection efforts and ensure you use your resources wisely.
Evaluate Existing DLP Tools
You’ll likely already have some DLP solutions in place. If you don’t, you should do. Evaluate these solutions – including endpoint, network, and cloud DLP tools – to ensure they are performing as required. They should detect and prevent unauthorized access to and transmission of sensitive data.
Assess Data Flows
Once you know what data you manage, you need to determine how it moves around your organization. Map data flows for all your digital information, including data stored on-premises, in the cloud, and transmitted across networks. Doing so will help you identify potential vulnerabilities that could result in data exposure, especially through third-party channels like messaging apps or cloud environments.
Review Security Policies
It’s then crucial to ensure your security policies, including data handling procedures, access controls, and incident response plans, align with regulatory requirements and establish best practices for data protection.
Simulate Attacks
By simulating attacks like phishing attempts, malware infections, and unauthorized data transfers, you can further evaluate your DLP solutions and determine the effectiveness of incident response plans. Automated testing resources such as DLPtest.com are invaluable for this process.
Codify Findings and Recommendations
Finally, you’ll need to document your findings – including identified vulnerabilities, potential risks, and areas for improvement – and offer recommendations for enhancing your DLP strategy based on those findings.
However, a DLP risk assessment is no good to anyone if you don’t use it to improve your DLP strategy. Your findings will inform any necessary improvements. Again, improvements will differ between organizations, but most possible improvements may include updating DLP tools, refining data classification rules, streamlining communication channels, or implementing employee awareness training programs.
But your work doesn’t stop there. DLP risk assessments are a continuous process that helps you keep pace with changing IT environments and evolving cybercriminal tactics. You must regularly conduct assessments, monitor data flows and security measures, and implement ad-hoc improvements to ensure ongoing protection.
The key takeaway here is that while DLP risk assessments are crucial, they mean nothing if they are not implemented properly and conducted regularly. It’s vital that you set up a regular DLP risk assessment timeline and include all the stages listed above. Failure to do so could result in data loss and, hence, hefty legal and financial consequences.
About the author: Josh Breaker-Rolfe
Josh is a Content writer at Bora. He graduated with a degree in Journalism in 2021 and has a background in cybersecurity PR. He’s written on a wide range of topics, from AI to Zero Trust, and is particularly interested in the impacts of cybersecurity on the wider economy.
Follow me on Twitter: @securityaffairs and Facebook and Mastodon
Pierluigi Paganini
(SecurityAffairs – hacking, DLP Risk Assessment)