A previously unknown advanced persistent threat (APT) is targeting iOS devices as part of a sophisticated and long-running mobile campaign dubbed Operation Triangulation that began in 2019.
“The targets are infected using zero-click exploits via the iMessage platform, and the malware runs with root privileges, gaining complete control over the device and user data,” Kaspersky said.
The Russian cybersecurity company said it discovered traces of compromise after creating offline backups of the targeted devices.
The attack chain begins with the iOS device receiving a message via iMessage that contains an attachment bearing the exploit.
The exploit is said to be zero-click, meaning the receipt of the message triggers the vulnerability without requiring any user interaction in order to achieve code execution.
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It’s also configured to retrieve additional payloads for privilege escalation and drop a final stage malware from a remote server that Kaspersky described as a “fully-featured APT platform.”
The implant, which runs with root privileges, is capable of harvesting sensitive information and equipped to run code downloaded as plugin modules from the server.
In the final phase, both the initial message and the exploit in the attachment are deleted to erase any traces of the infection.
“The malicious toolset does not support persistence, most likely due to the limitations of the [operating system],” Kaspersky said. “The timelines of multiple devices indicate that they may be reinfected after rebooting.”
The exact scale and scope of the campaign remain unclear, but the company said the attacks are ongoing, with successful infections penetrating devices running iOS 15.7, which was released on September 12, 2022.